B&O specifies the (typical) power consumption for these as 147W for the 46" and 193W for the 40".
This is indeed quite surprising and the difference must be due to the actual panel. The specified luminance is the same for both so the larger screen actually emits 30% more light in total. The backlighting technology in the 46" must be a lot more efficient.
I'm not familiar with your star rating system, but it probably factors in the size of the screen, so the 40" may get punished more than just the power consumption difference would make you expect.