It's an optical mech. inside the carrriage housing, electronics on the main board and a servo motor with a belt drive.
A lamp, an interrupter and an LDR sits inside the carriage housing. The interrupter is swung into the light beam as the tonearm is
moved sideways, it interrupts the light that falls on the LDR (Light Dependant Resistor).
Based on the resistance of the LDR, the electronics command the servo motor to adjust accordingly.
Martin